IMAGE: CNS photo/Father Nate Wills
By Carol Glatz
VATICAN CITY (CNS) — A new Vatican document cautions
against the dangers of highly competitive children’s sports, political and
economic pressures on
athletes to win ‘”at all costs” and the unsportsmanlike or violent
behavior of fans.
The document on sports also calls on every group or
institution sponsoring sports programs to have expert-guided child protection policies in place and it
urged bishops, parishes and lay Catholics to be proactive in helping
“humanize” sports.
The document, “Giving the Best of Yourself,” also
condoned sports on Sundays as a means of bringing families and communities
together in joy and celebration, but only as long as such events are not used
as an excuse to miss Mass.
The document was released June 1 by the Dicastery for Laity, the Family and Life, and
is the first Vatican document on sports, said Cardinal Kevin Farrell, the
dicastery’s prefect.
In a message to the cardinal, Pope Francis applauded the document and
said, “Sport is a very rich source of values and virtues that help us to
become better people.”
“We need to deepen the close connection that exists
between sport and life, which can enlighten one another,” said the pope,
who often fondly recalls how
he and his family cheered on his favorite soccer team when he was a boy.
The 52-page
document highlighted
the church’s positive view of the important values inherent to sport and blew the whistle on the growing
threats in the sports world, including corruption, over-commercialization, manipulation
and abuse.
The document — meant for all Catholics and “people
of goodwill” — also was an invitation to the church to offer itself as a valuable resource,
partner and leader in safeguarding the dignity of the human person and
all of creation.
In fact, it made specific reference to the need to
protect the environment when it comes to hosting sporting events and to respect
animals involved in sports, ensuring “that they are treated in a morally
appropriate way and not as mere objects.”
It also mentioned briefly the growing and lucrative
business of e-sports, that is, video game competitions and tournaments that
award large cash prizes and draw huge numbers of spectators.
While not trying to touch on every problem or concern or
pinpoint one sport in particular, the document listed what it saw as four
serious challenges that are the result of an obsession with success and the
huge economic and political pressures put on sports and athletes: the
debasement of the body, doping, corruption and the negative behavior of
spectators.
“Sports that inevitably cause serious harm to the
human body cannot be ethically justified,” it said. Given the greater
understanding people now have about the harmful effects of some sports on the
body, particularly brain damage, all of society must put the well-being and
health of the person first.
People are not machines, it said, and parents, coaches
and communities must avoid objectifying players, particularly with expectations
they receive medals, scholarships, wealth or break records.
“Aberrations of this kind can be seen in highly competitive
children’s sports,” it said, noting an increase in pushing kids to specialize
— often starting very early in life — in one sport intensively year-round, which can result
in overuse injuries or eating disorders, particularly in girls’ and women’s gymnastics.
“Parents have a responsibility of showing children
that they are loved for who they are, not for their successes, appearance or
physical abilities,” it said.
Among the rights of life, dignity and freedom that must
be protected in sports is protection against abuse, it said.
“Incidences of abuse of children whether physical,
sexual or emotional by coaches, trainers or other adults are a direct
affront” to minors, it said, so “institutions that sponsor sports
programs for youth, including at the elite level, must develop policies with
the help of experts that ensure the safety of all children.”
The document called on the church to develop and promote
an “apostolate for sports” that shows the church’s commitment to the
integral well-being and development of the human person in sports and to
directly initiate sports-related activities at the local level.
It asked for appropriate pastoral plans for players and athletes
— including former professionals who sometimes experience depression and
substance abuse when their career comes to an end — as well as for parents and
volunteers.
It called for “an educational strategy” to help
coaches, teachers and managers seek the “best, most holistic” ways to
humanize sports, and it urged seminaries to include formation in the pastoral
care of sport as well as opportunities to practice sports, noting its potential
as a way to evangelize.
Santiago
Perez de Camino, head of the dicastery’s Church and Sport Office, was asked
about the impact of seeing religious and priests compete in major competitions,
like U.S. Father Stephen Gadberry of Arkansas, who was appearing on the reality
show, “American Ninja Warrior.”
Father
Gadberry and all men and women religious athletes offer “a very
beautiful witness of how to join faith with sport,” he said.
They also show a church that doesn’t wait for people to
come to them, he said, but one that goes directly onto the field to meet people
where they are.
The document drew upon talks and teachings from Popes
Pius X to Francis, as well as St. Thomas Aquinas, bishops’ conferences and the
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. It also cited contemporary experts,
theologians and athletes, including David Meggyesy, former St. Louis Cardinals linebacker, who
detailed the dehumanizing effects of pro-football in his book, “Out of Their League.”
Lastly, the document emphasized how sports must always
include fun. Competition is meant to fruitfully engage and draw the best out of
people, it said, not to
face “an enemy who must be annihilated.”
Pope Francis, it said, invites people not only to play, but
also to “challenge yourself in the game of life,” striving for what
is good with courage and enthusiasm.
“Don’t settle for a mediocre ‘tie,’ give it your
best, spend your life on what really matters and lasts forever,” Pope
Francis said.
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